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An empress (also known as a marshal, chancellor, or simply rook+knight compound) is a fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight. It cannot jump over other pieces when moving as a rook, but may do so when moving as a knight. Below, it is given the symbol RN from Betza notation. ==History and nomenclature== The empress is one of the most simply described fairy chess pieces and as such has a long history and has gone by many names. A generic name would be the rook+knight compound. The most commonly used names for this piece are the marshal, chancellor and empress. The name ''chancellor'' was introduced by Ben Foster in his large variant ''Chancellor Chess'' (chess on a 9×9 board, with a chancellor on the opposite side of the king as the queen), and the name ''marshal'' was introduced by L. Tressan in his large variant ''The Sultan's Game''. José Raúl Capablanca used both in his large variant Capablanca chess: he originally called this piece the ''marshal'', but later changed this to ''chancellor''. Coincidentally, ''chancellor'' was his original name for the archbishop. Both ''chancellor'' and ''marshal'' are popular names for the rook+knight compound, although a case could be made for ''marshal'' as the word is related to ''mare'' (female horse) and thus fits better for a piece that can move like a knight than ''chancellor'', which has no connection to horses. Also, there are many commonly used chess pieces that, like ''chancellor'', begin with C (e.g. the cannon in xiangqi, the camel in Tamerlane Chess, the champion in Omega Chess, and the cardinal or princess), and using the name ''marshal'' for the rook+knight compound would reduce this difficulty. The name ''empress'' is more widely used among problemists. By analogy with the queen, which is a rook+bishop compound, it was decided that the three basic combinations of the three simple chess pieces (rook, knight, and bishop) should all be named after female royalty. Since the rook+knight compound seemed to be obviously stronger than the bishop+knight compound (as the rook is stronger than the bishop), the name ''empress'' was used for the rook+knight compound and the bishop+knight compound was called the ''princess''. However, the bishop+knight compound can get (but not force) checkmate of a lone king by itself (with the king in a corner and the attacking archbishop two squares diagonally away), while the rook+knight compound cannot. Worse, ''empress'' suggests a piece stronger than the queen, while this piece is at best equal to and perhaps weaker than the queen, especially in the endgame. The empress was first used in Turkish Great Chess, a large medieval variant of chess, where it was called the ''war machine'' (dabbabah; not to be confused with the piece more commonly referred to as the dabbaba today, which is the (2,0) leaper). It was introduced in the West with Carrera's chess from 1617, where it was called a ''champion'', and has been used in many chess variants since then. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Empress (chess)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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